The programming language Python has experienced an enormous upturn in recent years. Last but not least, various single-board systems such as the Raspberry Pi have contributed to their recognition. Python has also been widely used in other areas, such as artificial intelligence or machine learning. It is therefore obvious to use Python or the MicroPython variant also for use in SoCs (Systems on Chip).Powerful controllers such as the ESP32 from Espressif Systems offer excellent performance, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth functionality at an affordable price. With these features, the maker scene was conquered by storm. Compared to other controllers, the ESP32 has a much larger flash and SRAM memory, as well as a much higher CPU speed. Due to these features, the chip is suitable not only for classic C applications, but also for programming with MicroPython.This book introduces the application of modern one-chip systems. In addition to the technical background, MicroPython itself is the main focus. After the introduction into the language, the learned programming knowledge is immediately put into practice. The individual projects are suitable for use in the laboratory as well as for everyday applications. In addition to the actual learning effect, the focus is also on the joy of building complete and useful devices. By using laboratory plug boards, all kinds of circuits can be realized with little effort, so that testing the self-made devices becomes an educational pleasure.Due to the various applications such as weather stations, digital voltmeter, ultrasonic distance meter, RFID card reader or function generators, the presented projects are also ideally suited for internships or specialist and study work in the natural sciences or in natural sciences and technology lessons.This text is machine translated.